On the Project task list it will display the numerical date for the start of the week, and then Sun-Sat as single digit letters. Is there anyway to get it to display the numerical date for each day of the week?
Yes! At the top left of the Gantt chart select Edit Project Settings and go to Timeline Display. Here you can adjust how your timeline looks. Likely your Secondary heading is "Days" so to the right of Days, click this dropdown to adjust the format.
